Tsavo East National Park: A Complete Travel Guide
Overview
Located in southeastern Kenya, Tsavo East National Park is one of the country’s largest and oldest parks, covering around 13,747 square kilometres. Part of the greater Tsavo Conservation Area alongside Tsavo West, this wildlife haven was established in 1948 and is famous for its vast plains, diverse habitats, and unique “red elephants” coated in the park’s red earth. Less crowded than other Kenyan parks, Tsavo East offers a peaceful, immersive wildlife experience.
This guide covers Tsavo East’s history, directions, main attractions, activities, accommodations, and FAQs.
Tsavo East National Park Background and History
History and Conservation Significance
The history of Tsavo East National Park dates back to the early 20th century, with its official establishment in 1948. Its name “Tsavo” is derived from a local community word meaning “place of slaughter.” The park earned a haunting reputation during the construction of the Kenya-Uganda Railway in the late 19th century, when a pair of maneless lions, later called the “Man-Eaters of Tsavo,” terrorized workers. Today, Tsavo East is one of the most important wildlife conservation areas, supporting numerous species that are globally significant and providing a critical sanctuary for elephants, lions, leopards, and more.
The park’s landscape is dominated by semi-arid savannas, open plains, and expansive scrublands, with the Galana River winding through it, creating a fertile green ribbon of life in the otherwise arid land. Tsavo East is famous for its high-density elephant population and unique red elephants—coated in Tsavo’s red soil after wallowing in the park’s rich earth.
How to Get to Tsavo East National Park
Accessing Tsavo East by Road and Air
Tsavo East National Park is accessible by both road and air, making it relatively convenient for visitors coming from Nairobi, Mombasa, or nearby towns.
By Road
- From Nairobi: The journey by road from Nairobi to Tsavo East’s Manyani Gate is approximately 233 km, taking about 3 to 4 hours by car. The main entrance for Nairobi travelers is the Mtito Andei Gate. The road route from Nairobi to Mtito Andei is well-maintained, and it also provides an opportunity to enjoy Kenya’s scenic landscapes.
- From Mombasa: For those coming from Mombasa, Tsavo East is roughly 100 km away, making it a more accessible safari option for coastal tourists. The Bachuma Gate serves as the main entrance for visitors arriving from Mombasa, offering quick and easy access to the park.
By Air
For those who prefer a quicker mode of transportation, Tsavo East National Park has several airstrips, including Voi, Bachuma, Sala, and Manyani airstrips, which accommodate chartered flights. Travelers can fly directly to Tsavo East from major airports in Nairobi and Mombasa, which takes approximately 1 hour.
Tourist Attractions in Tsavo East National Park
Top Attractions in Tsavo East
Tsavo East National Park boasts a plethora of natural attractions that draw tourists from across the world. Here are the park’s most popular sights and natural wonders:
1. Galana River
The Galana River flows through the heart of Tsavo East, bringing life to the park’s arid plains. The river serves as a lifeline for both flora and fauna, attracting a diverse range of animals, including crocodiles, hippos, elephants, and a variety of bird species. Visitors can take in the stunning scenery of the river with its lush banks, contrasting with the dry landscapes surrounding it.
2. Lugard Falls
Named after British colonial administrator Frederick Lugard, Lugard Falls is a fascinating series of cascading rapids formed as the Galana River flows through narrow rocky channels. The falls create a natural spectacle, with the eroded sandstone rocks forming unique shapes. This area is ideal for photographers, with magnificent views and an opportunity to spot hippos and crocodiles.
3. Mudanda Rock
Mudanda Rock is a long, steep rock formation extending over a kilometer in length. Known as Tsavo’s version of a natural water tank, the rock has a dam-like effect, collecting rainwater which attracts elephants, buffalos, and other animals. From the top of Mudanda Rock, visitors are treated to panoramic views over the park, especially during the dry season when wildlife gathers in large numbers around the water.
4. Aruba Dam
Built in the 1950s, Aruba Dam was constructed to provide a water source for the animals in the park. The dam creates a picturesque watering hole, attracting elephants, zebras, antelopes, and other wildlife throughout the year. It is an excellent spot for game viewing and birdwatching, especially during the dry months when animals congregate around the dam.
5. Yatta Plateau
The Yatta Plateau is one of the longest lava flows in the world, stretching approximately 290 km. This ancient geological formation offers incredible views and is one of the most unique features in Tsavo East. The plateau is a favourite area for birdwatchers, with sightings of migratory and resident birds such as kingfishers, kestrels, and hornbills.
Activities in Tsavo East National Park
Exciting Things to Do in Tsavo East
Tsavo East offers numerous thrilling activities for visitors eager to explore the wild landscapes and observe the park’s remarkable wildlife. Below are the top activities:
1. Game Drives
Game drives are the most popular way to experience Tsavo East’s wildlife. Morning and late afternoon game drives are recommended to maximize chances of spotting the “Big Five”—elephants, lions, leopards, buffalos, and rhinos—as well as giraffes, zebras, and antelopes. The park’s wide-open spaces make it easy to spot animals in their natural habitats.
2. Bird Watching
With over 500 species of birds recorded, Tsavo East is a birdwatcher’s paradise. Birdwatching enthusiasts can enjoy spotting a variety of species, including the African grey hornbill, red-billed buffalo weaver, and golden-breasted starling. The best time for birdwatching is during the migratory season from November to April.
3. Guided Nature Walks
Guided walks, often led by experienced park rangers, provide a unique way to explore Tsavo East’s terrain up close. These walks allow visitors to observe the small details often missed during game drives, such as the diverse flora, small mammals, and signs of animal tracks.
4. Photography Safaris
With its vibrant landscapes, iconic wildlife, and dramatic scenery, Tsavo East National Park is a photographer’s dream. Various locations, such as the Lugard Falls and Mudanda Rock, provide stunning backdrops. Photography safaris are common here, allowing wildlife enthusiasts to capture the perfect shot in a serene environment.
5. Cultural Visits
For a deeper understanding of the local culture, Tsavo East offers opportunities for cultural interactions with nearby communities. Visitors can engage with local tribes, such as the Akamba and Maasai people, to learn about their traditions, lifestyle, and how they coexist with the natural environment around Tsavo.
Accommodation in Tsavo East National Park
Where to Stay in Tsavo East
Tsavo East National Park offers a wide range of accommodation options, catering to different preferences and budgets. Here are some popular choices:
1. Luxury Lodges
- Satao Camp: Known for its elegant, spacious tents, Satao Camp offers high-end luxury with excellent views of a nearby watering hole that attracts elephants and other wildlife.
- Ashnil Aruba Lodge: Located near Aruba Dam, this lodge combines comfort with prime wildlife viewing locations. It features comfortable rooms, a swimming pool, and a restaurant with local and international dishes.
2. Midrange Accommodation
- Voi Safari Lodge: Set on a hill overlooking Tsavo’s vast plains, Voi Safari Lodge offers affordable yet comfortable lodging with magnificent views and an elevated waterhole for wildlife spotting.
- Ngutuni Safari Lodge: Bordering Tsavo East, this lodge provides a great location for game drives and comfortable midrange rooms with views of the Tsavo plains.
3. Budget Campsites
For budget-conscious travelers, campsites like Ndololo Camp provide affordable accommodation with basic facilities. These campsites offer a more rugged experience, where visitors can camp under the starry African skies and hear the sounds of the wild at night.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
1. What is the best time to visit Tsavo East National Park?
The best time to visit Tsavo East is during the dry seasons, from June to October and January to February. Wildlife is more visible during these months as animals gather around water sources.
2. Are there any specific entrance fees for Tsavo East National Park?
Yes, entry fees vary depending on the visitor’s residency status. For non-residents, the entrance fee is around $52 for adults and $35 for children, while residents and Kenyan citizens pay lower rates.
3. Can I do a self-drive safari in Tsavo East National Park?
Yes, Tsavo East is one of the parks in Kenya where self-drive safaris are allowed. However, it is recommended that visitors use 4×4 vehicles due to some rough and unpaved roads within the park.
4. How many days should I spend in Tsavo East?
A typical visit to Tsavo East lasts about two to three days. This allows enough time to explore the main attractions, enjoy multiple game drives, and appreciate the park’s landscapes and wildlife.
5. Is Tsavo East suitable for family safaris?
Yes, Tsavo East National Park is suitable for family safaris, with a range of accommodations and activities that cater to all ages. Many lodges and camps offer family-friendly amenities and guided experiences.
Why Tsavo East National Park is a Must-Visit Safari Destination
Tsavo East National Park offers a unique and exhilarating safari experience, combining abundant wildlife, dramatic landscapes, and rich cultural history. With its proximity to both Nairobi and Mombasa, the park is accessible yet remote enough to offer a tranquil escape from urban life. Whether you’re interested in big-game safaris, photography, birdwatching, or simply soaking in the beauty of untouched wilderness, Tsavo East delivers an unforgettable African safari adventure
